Austenitic Nhyehyɛe a Ɛwɔ Alloy no Mu
Mar 23, 2026
Austenite yɛ ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛho hia a wohu wɔ dade ne dade-a wɔde afrafra afoforo mu, a wonim no sɛ ɛyɛ den kɛse na ɛyɛ plastic. Austenite wɔ anim-mfinimfini kubik (FCC) nhyehyɛe, a dade atɔm wɔ kuruwa no atifi ne anim mfinimfini, na carbon anaa nneɛma afoforo a wɔde afrafra betumi ayɛ den-asiesie wɔ ntamgyinafo no mu.
Austenite yɛ ade ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ aduru bi a wɔde afrafra mu. Ɛsɛ sɛ edi tebea abien ho dwuma:
1. Crystal nhyehyeɛ a ɛwɔ alloy no mu no yɛ face-centered cubic (FCC) nhyehyeɛ.
2. Alloy no yɛ aduru a ɛyɛ den.
Austenite wɔ su a ɛyɛ plasticity pa, ɔhyew ntrɛwmu coefficient a ɛba fam, ne ɔhyew a ɛkorɔn-ɔyɛ adwuma pa. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ dade a ɛnyɛ den a wɔtaa yɛ ne afrafra a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛkorɔn-yɛ austenitic afrafrade.
Wɔ mfasoɔ mu no, plasticity pa a austenitic alloys wɔ no ma wotumi yɛ adwuma pintinn bere tenten wɔ ɔhyew a ɛtrɛw mu, ɛno nti na stainless dade a wɔtaa de di dwuma kɛse no nyinaa yɛ austenitic stainless dade.
Su foforo a ɛho hia a ɛwɔ austenitic alloys ho ne sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma yiye wɔ ɔhyew a ɛkorɔn-mu. Wɔ ɔhyew a ɛkorɔn mu no, anim-mfinimfini cubic nhyehyɛe no betumi akura nhyehyɛe no mu pintinn yiye, na ɛnam so ahwɛ ahu sɛ austenitic alloys ahoɔden wɔ ɔhyew a ɛkorɔn mu. Eyi nti na ɛkame ayɛ sɛ nnuru a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛkorɔn- nyinaa yɛ austenitic afrafrade.
Enti dɛn na ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia aduru bi wɔ austenitic nhyehyɛe anaa?
Afei, yenim sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ austenitic alloys nya anim-centered cubic (FCC) nhyehyɛe. Enti, ɛsɛ sɛ yɛte dade nneɛma a ɛwɔ FCC nhyehyɛe ase kɔ akyiri.
Dade a wɔtaa de di dwuma ne dade, na dade dade wɔ FCC nhyehyɛe ampa. Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, dade wɔ allotropy su ahorow. Ɛne sɛ, dade betumi akura FCC nhyehyɛe bi mu wɔ ɔhyew a efi digrii 912 kosi digrii 1394 nkutoo mu . Wɔ ɔhyew afoforo mu no, dade dan nipadua-centered cubic (BCC) nhyehyɛe.
Saa bere yi de, yehia dade ade a ebetumi ahyɛ FCC nhyehyɛe ho bɔ wɔ ɔhyew biara mu ntɛm ara. Saa element yi yɛ nikel. Bere tenten a nickel a ɛwɔ aduru no mu boro 9% no, wobetumi akura FCC nhyehyɛe bi mu. Enti, sɛ wode nikel 9% anaa nea ɛboro saa ka dade ho kɛkɛ a, ebetumi ama aduru no akura austenitic nhyehyɛe mu wɔ ɔhyew biara mu. Eyi nti na dade a ɛnyɛ den ne afrafra a ɛyɛ hyew kɛse- nyinaa wɔ nickel.
